Table 1 Participant characteristics
Parameters | Values |
|---|---|
Participant number, N | 86 |
Male, n (%) | 57 (66.3) |
Age (years), mean ± SD | |
Total | 69.6 ± 9.2 |
Men | 71.0 ± 9.1 |
Women | 68.0 ± 9.3 |
Race, n (%) | |
Japanese | 86 (100) |
Duration of DM (year), median (IQR; range) | 13.5 (9–23; 1–50) |
Current smoker, n (%) | 31 (36.0) |
Alcohol drinker, n (%) | 22 (25.6) |
Low income, n (%) | 0 (0) |
Complications, n (%) | |
Diabetes-related neuropathy | 43 (50.0) |
Diabetes-related retinopathy | 22 (25.6) |
Diabetes-related nephropathy | 33 (38.4) |
Hypertension | 57 (66.3) |
Dyslipidemia | 49 (57.0) |
Cardiovascular disease | 24 (27.9) |
Lifestyle modifications after COVID-19, n (%) | |
Overall activity | 25 (29.1) |
Increased food intake | 12 (14.0) |
Decreased exercise | 20 (23.3) |