Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the subjects

N

60

60

20

Age (years)

52.30 ± 10.13

50.77 ± 13.95

60.60 ± 13.36 ^{a, b}

Gender (M/F)

32/28

42/18

10/10

Duration (years)

—

5.94 ± 6.22

5.76 ± 5.67

BMI (kg/m²)

22.19 ± 1.40

24.40 ± 3.29 ^a

23.95 ± 3.10 ^a

FBG (mmol/L)

5.28 ± 0.44

12.16 ± 4.31 ^a

10.70 ± 3.61 ^a

HbA1c (%)

5.59 ± 0.31

9.60 ± 2.15 ^a

8.85 ± 1.80 ^a

TC (mmol/L)

4.34 ± 0.59

4.94 ± 1.04 ^a

5.00 ± 1.80 ^a

TG (mmol/L)

1.14 ± 0.43

2.37 ± 2.52 ^a

2.63 ± 3.48 ^a

HDL-C (mmol/L)

2.42 ± 1.03

1.20 ± 0.26 ^a

1.34 ± 0.44 ^a

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.46 ± 0.43

2.95 ± 0.66 ^a

2.89 ± 0.51 ^a

SBP (mmHg)

121.03 ± 7.63

136.22 ± 15.48 ^a

130.55 ± 18.05 ^a

DBP (mmHg)

73.70 ± 4.43

84.98 ± 12.78 ^a

81.8 ± 9.49 ^a

GFR (mL/min)

104.52 ± 6.65

100.51 ± 20.16

83.52 ± 23.34 ^{a, b}

ACR (mg/g)

17.86(10.00, 27.87)

17.14(6.25, 48.87)

20.05(10.09, 32.57)

Metrnl (pg/mL)

322.02 ± 191.88

635.08 ± 386.99 ^a

391.00 ± 210.26 ^b