Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the initially diagnosed T1DM and T2DM patients presenting with DKA

Male

91 (58.7)

11 (73.3)

50 (58.8)

0.288

Body weight (kg)

66.3 + 17.3

56.1 ± 16.6

70.6 ± 16.7

0.005

BMI (kg/m²)

25 + 5.5

20.8 ± 4.6

26.4 ± 5.1

< 0.001

BMI < 21 kg/m²

22 (18.6)

7 (58.3)

6 (8)

< 0.001

BMI 21–24.9 kg/m²

47 (39.8)

3 (25)

31 (41.3)

0.352

BMI 25–30 kg/m²

32 (27.1)

1 (8.3)

24 (32)

0.167

BMI > 30 kg/m²

17 (14.4)

1 (8.3)

14 (18.7)

0.683

Systolic blood pressure^a (mmHg)

126 + 22.2

134 ± 23.8

127 ± 24.4

0.328

Diastolic blood pressure^a (mmHg)

129 + 12

75 ± 14.5

79 ± 16.9

0.417

Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg^a

35 (22.6)

3 (20)

24 (28.2)

0.753

Presence of acanthosis nigricans

18 (29.5)

1 (6.7)

16 (42.1)

0.074

Mean age (years)

47 + 15.6

33 ± 16.2

51 ± 14.5

< 0.001

Age group

18–44 years

74 (47.7)

13 (86.7)

30 (35.3)

< 0.001

45–64 years

57 (36.8)

0

39 (45.9)

< 0.001

65–84 years

24 (15.5)

2 (13.3)

16 (18.8)

1.000

Smoking status

Non-smoker

96 (68.6)

11 (73.3)

54 (68.4)

1.000

Current smoker

27 (19.3)

3 (20)

12 (15.2)

0.702

Ex-smoker

17 (12.1)

1 (6.7)

13 (16.4)

0.456

Comorbidities

Hypertension

25 (16.1)

1 (6.7)

18 (21.2)

0.291

Dyslipidemia

14 (9)

0

11 (12.9)

0.209

Coronary artery disease

1 (0.6)

0

1 (1.2)

1.000

Cerebrovascular disease

4 (2.6)

0

2 (2.4)

1.000

Family history of DM

56 (49.1)

3 (21.4)

34 (54)

0.028