Table 3 Laboratory investigations at admission of the initially diagnosed T1DM and T2DM patients presenting with DKA

Plasma glucose (mmol/L)

39.6 + 18.5

31.7 ± 12.2

42.9 ± 22.1

HbA_1c (%)

13.2 + 3.3

12.7 ± 4.7

13.6 ± 3

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²)

75.9 + 39.9

105.2 ± 37.1

71.9 ± 39.9

Sodium (mmol/L)

129 + 9.4

131 ± 10.5

130 ± 10.4

Potassium (mmol/L)

4.7 + 1

4.6 ± 1

4.8 ± 1.1

Chloride (mmol/L)

89 + 9.8

93 ± 9.2

90 ± 10.7

Bicarbonate (mmol/L)

10 + 5.3

10 ± 4.7

10 ± 4.9

pH in arterial/venous blood gas

7.23 + 0.16

7.21 ± 0.14

7.25 ± 0.14

Ketone (mmol/L)

5.1 + 2.3

5.5 ± 2.2

5.3 ± 2.3

Effective serum osmolality (mOsmol/kg)

296 + 24.1

293 ± 23.1

300 ± 26.8

Positive Anti-GAD^a

13 (23.6)

13 (92.9)

0

Anti-GAD level (U/mL)^b

0.07

(0.01–1596.9)

8.17

(3.63–24.66)

0.02

(0.01–0.11)

Positive Anti-IA2^a

3 (16.7)

3 (42.9)

0