Sex hormones differently regulate lipid metabolism genes in primary human hepatocytes

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Table 3 Overview of metabolite patterns in PHH suspension cultures

Treatment	Formular	Theoretical [m/z]	Measured [m/z]	Speculated metabolite	Retention time [min]	Female [µmol/l]	Male [µmol/l]
17β-estradiol	C18H24O2	271.1698 [M-H]⁻	271.1635	17β-estradiol	3.97	ND	ND
	C18H22O2	271.1698 [M + H]⁺	271.1713	Estrone	7.79	10.70	ND
	C19H24O3	301.1804 [M + H]⁺	301.1815	2-Methoxy-estrone	8.03	1.65	ND
	C18H24O3	287.1647 [M-H]⁻	287.1645	2-Hydroxy-estradiol	6.59	13.69	6.57
	C18H22O3	285.1491 [M-H]⁻	285.1488	2-Hydroxy-estrone	7.07	55.08	10.05
Testosterone	C19H28O2	289.2168 [M + H]⁺	289.2209	Testosterone	7.50	21.97	29.49
	C19H28O3	305.2117 [M + H]⁺	305.2115	Hydroxy-testosterone	5.37	0.71	0.59
	C19H26O3	303.1960 [M + H]⁺	303.1949	11-Keto-testosterone	5.72	0.98	0.50
	C19H30O2	291.2324 [M + H]⁺	291.2324	Dihydro-testosterone	8.15	0.16	0.047
	C19H26O2	287.2011 [M + H]⁺	287.2059	Androstene-dione	7.80	27.75	29.26
Progesterone	C21H30O2	315.2324 [M + H]⁺	315.2347	Progesterone	8.81	41.54	51.48
	C21H32O2	317.2481 [M + H]⁺	317.2471	Dihydro-progesterone/ Pregnenolone	8.38	4.06	4.38
	C21H30O3	331.2273 [M + H]⁺	331.2264	Hydroxy-progesterone	7.68	0.83	0.53

Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) from female and male donors were cultured with 50 µM of one of the respective sex hormones for 5 h. Cell culture media were collected and analyzed by LC-MS after cleavage of phase II metabolites. Metabolite amounts are expressed semi-quantitatively in relation to the concentration of the initially applied respective parent hormone. For chromatograms and mass spectra see Fig. 4 and Additional file 1: Fig. S3

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