Relationship between bone turnover markers and renal disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 The associations between BTMs and DKD, UACR, and eGFR

	25-OH-D		β-CTX		OSTEOC		iPTH		TP1NP
	OR or β(95%Cl)	P value	OR or β(95%Cl)	P value	OR or β(95%Cl)	P value	OR or β(95%Cl)	P value	OR or β(95%Cl)	P value
DKD⁰	0.951(0.929, 0.973)	<0.001	0.711(0.319, 1.587)	0.405	1.007(0.980, 1.036)	0.601	1.014(1.005, 1.024)	0.003	1.005(0.999, 1.012)	0.111
DKD¹	0.953(0.930, 0.976)	<0.001	1.343(0.571, 3.160)	0.499	1.024(0.994, 1.056)	0.118	1.012(1.002, 1.021)	0.016	1.010(1.001, 1.018)	0.023
DKD²	0.969(0.944, 0.995)	0.02	1.048(0.357, 3.071)	0.932	1.003(0.963, 1.045)	0.880	1.012(0.999, 1.025)	0.064	1.007(0.996, 1.018)	0.200
UACR⁰	−8.312(−11.268,−5.356)	<0.001	134.853(18.521, 251.185)	0.023	11.378(7.310,15.447)	<0.001	2.485(1.142,3.828)	<0.001	2.557(1.670, 3.444)	<0.001
UACR¹	−8.445(−11.457,−5.434)	<0.001	170.464(49.078, 291.851)	0.006	12.654(8.455,16.853)	<0.001	2.394(1.040,3.748)	0.001	2.725(1.822, 3.628)	<0.001
UACR²	−6.294(−9.206,−3.382)	<0.001	128.944(9.116, 248.772)	0.035	9.145(4.801,13.488)	<0.001	1.972(0.588,3.356)	0.005	2.108(1.203, 3.013)	<0.001
eGFR⁰	0.096(−0.102,0.293)	0.342	−5.260(−12.894, 2.374)	0.177	−0.532(−0.801,−0.262)	<0.001	−0.308(−0.394,−0.223)	<0.001	−0.060(−0.119,−0.001)	0.048
eGFR¹	−0.033(−0.220, 0.155)	0.734	−9.709(−17.104,−2.315)	0.010	−0.639(−0.897,−0.381)	<0.001	−0.270(−0.350,−0.189)	<0.001	−0.071(−0.127,−0.015)	0.014
eGFR²	−0.133(−0.309, 0.043)	0.138	−6.720(−13.878, 0.438)	0.066	−0.421(−0.682,−0.161)	0.002	−0.230(−0.311,−0.149)	<0.001	−0.011(−0.066, 0.044)	0.692

Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the prevalence of DKD and BTMs levels, and the findings were summarized as odds ratios and regression coefficients, both with 95% CIs. Linear regression analysis was utilized to examine the associations between UACR and eGFR with BTMs levels, and the results were summarized as beta and regression coefficients, again accompanied by 95% CIs
0 The model was not adjusted
1 The model was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and duration of diabetes
2 The model was adjusted for model 1and SBP, DBP, FPG, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, ALT, AST, ALP, Hemoglobin, Serum calcium, Serum phosphorus, Serum uric acid and medications, and the medications included anti-osteoporosis drugs (calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonate, or other drugs), anti-diabetic agents (pioglitazone, SGLT−2 inhibitors, and GLP−1 analogues), and ACEI/ARB
DKD Diabetic kidney disease, UACR Urine albumin to creatinine ratio, eGFR Estimated glomerular infiltration rate, 25-OH-D 25-hydroxyvitamin D, β-CTX β-CrossLaps, OSTEOC Osteocalcin, iPTH Intact parathyroid hormone, TP1NP Total type I collagen N-terminal propeptide

ISSN: 1472-6823