Table 1 Clinical and laboratory parameters of the study population
From: Serum follistatin like 1 in children with obesity and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease
Variables | Healthy control (n = 45) | Obesity without MAFLD (n = 31) | Obesity with MAFLD (n = 45) | Test Statistics | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 10.95 ± 2.29 | 9.94 ± 2.13 | 9.59 ± 1.78 | 1.795 † | 0.171 |
Gender, n (%) | 10.887 * | 0.144 | |||
Boy | 26 (21.5) | 17 (14.1) | 25 (20.7) | ||
Girl | 19 (15.7) | 14 (11.6) | 20 (16.5) | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 16.21 ± 2.63 | 25.40 ± 3.54 | 26.70 ± 3.03 | 71.405 † | < 0.05 |
Body mass inde × SD score | 0.01 ± 1.29 | 3. 95 ± 1.22 | 4.61 ± 1.33 | 9.213 † | < 0.05 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 62.70 ± 5.46 | 85.41 ± 7.17 | 93.28 ± 9.77 | 65.804 † | < 0.05 |
Waist-to-hit ratio | 0.92 (0.89–0.94) | 0.95 (0.92-1.00) | 0.98 (0.94-1.00) | 20.573 | < 0.05 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.85 ± 0.49 | 0.97 ± 0.29 | 1.51 ± 0.62 | 12.239 † | < 0.05 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.72 ± 0.62 | 4.10 ± 0.52 | 4.24 ± 0.71 | 8.532 † | < 0.05 |
High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.34 ± 0.23 | 1.20 ± 0.22 | 1.16 ± 0.21 | 6.955 † | < 0.05 |
Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.50 ± 0.50 | 2.50 ± 0.33 | 2.60 ± 0.52 | 0.443 † | 0.643 |
Nonesterified free fatty acid (mmol/L) | 0.68 ± 0.36 | 0.69 ± 0.41 | 0.73 ± 0.31 | 0.216 † | 0.806 |
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L) | 15.89 ± 6.98 | 22.72 ± 6.45 | 53.80 ± 29.94 | 30.523 † | < 0.05 |
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L) | 24.00 (21.75–26.25) | 24.00 (21.00–27.00) | 27.50 (23.00-35.75) | 10.692 ‡ | < 0.05 |
Leptin (ng/mL) | 7.50 ± 3.83 | 13.20 ± 3.67 | 15.35 ± 2.75 | 35.938 † | < 0.05 |
Adiponectin (µg/mL) | 23.57 ± 6.02 | 18.11 ± 6.12 | 19.67 ± 7.00 | 6.113 † | < 0.05 |
Leptin to Adiponectin (ng/µg) | 0.35 ± 0.30 | 0.76 ± 0.41 | 0.89 ± 0.40 | 0.605 † | 0.439 |