Association between fat-soluble vitamins and metabolic syndromes in US adults: a cross-section study from NHANES database

Table 2 Associations of serum fat-soluble vitamins with metabolic syndromes in NHANES 2003–2006 and 2017–2018 participants

Vitamin	Quantile 1	Quantile 2	Quantile 3	Quantile 4	P_continuous
Model1
Vitamin A	1.00	1.19 (0.89, 1.58)	1.40 (1.05, 1.89)	1.46 (1.06, 2.02)	0.0087
Vitamin E	1.00	1.20 (0.87, 1.65)	2.23 (1.65, 3.01)	2.71 (1.89, 3.87)	< 0.0001
Vitamin D	1.00	0.78 (0.63, 0.97)	0.73 (0.55, 0.97)	0.52 (0.37, 0.71)	0.0009
Model2
Vitamin A	1.00	1.20 (0.89, 1.63)	1.46 (1.09, 1.97)	1.53 (1.10, 2.14)	0.0055
Vitamin E	1.00	1.17 (0.85, 1.63)	2.21 (1.63, 2.98)	2.79 (1.94, 4.03)	< 0.0001
Vitamin D	1.00	0.76 (0.60, 0.98)	0.75 (0.56, 0.99)	0.52 (0.37, 0.73)	0.0013

All estimates were calculated by the multivariable logistic regression model, and results were expressed as odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Covariates adjusted in model 1 included age, sex, race, education, marital status, body mass index, and ratio of family income to poverty. Covariates adjusted in model 2 included leisure time physical activity, dietary energy, drinking status, and smoking status in addition to those in model 1
NHANES the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
P_continuous meant the P value of the multivariable logistic regression model using continuous vitamin levels as exposure

ISSN: 1472-6823