Exploring the unique association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and vitamin D deficiency in adults aged 20–59: findings based on the NHANES database

Table 5 Stratified by gender

25(OH)D	Adjusted β (95% CI) P value
Male
Fitting by the standard linear model	5.63 (4.53, 6.73) < 0.0001
Fitting by the two-piecewise linear model
Inflection point	1.66
Direct HDL cholesterol < 1.66(mmol/L)	10.70 (9.06, 12.34) < 0.0001
Direct HDL cholesterol > 1.66(mmol/L)	-4.28 (-6.90, -1.67) 0.0013
Log likelihood ratio	< 0.001

The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is stratified by gender. Adjustments were made for age, race, education level, BMI, having smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime, alcohol consumption, Moderate activities,diabetes status, hypertensionstatus, total calcium, serum phosphorus, ALT, AST, uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen.

ISSN: 1472-6823