Table 1 Characteristics of study participants with different serum BCAA levels
Variables | BCAAs tertiles | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower tertile (n = 94) | Middle tertile (n = 95) | Upper tertile (n = 95) | ||
Gender, male | 55 (58.5) | 55 (57.9) | 69 (72.4) | 0.044 |
Age, years | 63.0 (55.8–67.3) | 63.0 (58.0–69.0) | 60.0 (48.0–66.0) | 0.040 |
Duration of diabetes, years | 7.0 (0.2–17.5) | 7.0 (1.0–20.0) | 6.0 (0.2–16.0) | 0.65 |
Current smoker, % | 18 (19.1) | 22 (23.2) | 15 (15.8) | 0.56 |
Current drinkers, % | 12 (12.8) | 12 (12.6) | 15 (15.8) | 0.54 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.2 (21.5–26.0) | 25.0 (23.0–27.2) | 25.3 (23.5–28.0) | 0.003 |
WC, cm | 90.0 (84.0–95.1) | 93.0 (87.0–98.9) | 92.6 (88.8–101) | 0.001 |
HTN, % | 65 (69.4) | 69 (72.6) | 62 (65.3) | 0.56 |
SBP, mmHg | 133 (125–147) | 130 (123–144) | 136 (127–147) | 0.42 |
DBP, mmHg | 81 (79–90) | 80 (75–89) | 82 (78–89) | 0.38 |
FPG, mmol/L | 7.37 (5.70–10.0) | 8.00 (6.10–10.5) | 7.90 (6.20–10.6) | 0.30 |
HbA1c, % | 9.9 (8.3–12.3) | 9.5 (7.9–11.5) | 9.2 (7.6–10.9) | 0.17 |
F-INS, pmol/L | 61.9 (34.6–110) | 74.9 (43.3–125) | 67.7 (41.1–103) | 0.48 |
HOMA-IR, mmol/L*mU/L | 3.11 (1.52–5.77) | 4.18 (2.12–6.05) | 3.44 (2.20–5.32) | 0.35 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.67 (3.80–5.61) | 4.63 (3.57–5.68) | 4.56 (3.79–5.41) | 0.92 |
TG, mmol/L | 1.30 (0.97–1.93) | 1.59 (1.16–2.25) | 1.61 (1.28–2.40) | 0.006 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.11 (0.91–1.34) | 1.07 (0.92–1.27) | 1.02 (0.85–1.24) | 0.17 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.12 (2.38–3.72) | 3.06 (2.19–3.88) | 2.94 (2.25–3.90) | 0.99 |
BCAA, mmol/L | 1.86 (1.30–2.09) | 2.51 (2.40–2.67) | 3.34 (3.08–3.95) | < 0.001 |
BCKA, umol/L | 128 (106–155) | 129 (116–137) | 127 (119–131) | 0.49 |