Table 2 Patient characteristics in males before and after propensity score matching

No. of participants

3199

1020

952

952

Age, years

64.66 ± 13.30

67.61 ± 12.71

< 0.001

66.95 ± 12.47

67.01 ± 12.67

0.922

Smoking, n (%)

880 (27.5)

377 (37.0)

< 0.001

348 (36.6)

332 (34.9)

0.444

Alcohol, n (%)

633 (19.8)

416 (40.9)

< 0.001

374 (39.3)

350 (36.8)

0.257

H. pylori, n (%)

1635 (51.1)

696 (68.2)

< 0.001

656 (68.9)

628 (66.0)

0.187

GERDQ, score

7.21 ± 2.74

11.54 ± 2.82

< 0.001

9.86 ± 2.20

11.61 ± 2.82

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m²

24.91 ± 4.14

25.77 ± 3.46

< 0.001

25.73 ± 4.43

25.65 ± 3.43

0.658

SBP, mm Hg

131.24 ± 18.43

134.26 ± 15.58

< 0.001

135.19 ± 21.64

134.14 ± 15.74

0.227

DBP, mm Hg

80.44 ± 16.87

84.52 ± 27.68

< 0.001

80.45 ± 18.15

84.72 ± 28.30

< 0.001

FBG, mm Hg

5.67 ± 1.65

5.99 ± 1.90

< 0.001

5.69 ± 1.40

5.96 ± 1.94

< 0.001

TC, mmol/L

4.36 ± 1.41

6.28 ± 1.45

< 0.001

4.50 ± 1.39

6.20 ± 1.45

< 0.001

TG, mmol/L

1.68 ± 0.36

1.96 ± 0.49

< 0.001

1.70 ± 0.36

1.93 ± 0.48

< 0.001

HDL, mmol/L

1.15 ± 0.49

1.11 ± 0.33

0.016

1.13 ± 0.49

1.12 ± 0.32

0.677

LDL, mmol/L

2.99 ± 1.65

3.68 ± 2.52

< 0.001

2.99 ± 1.62

3.56 ± 2.42

< 0.001

UA, µmol/L

288.91 ± 71.46

358.96 ± 128.10

< 0.001

294.58 ± 68.46

353.08 ± 128.81

< 0.001

AST, U/L

20.65 ± 5.27

21.32 ± 12.71

0.017

21.09 ± 5.41

21.29 ± 13.03

0.670

ALT, U/L

24.73 ± 22.17

28.50 ± 24.99

< 0.001

24.53 ± 20.02

27.96 ± 25.41

0.001

GGT, U/L

15.91 ± 4.16

28.06 ± 14.54

< 0.001

29.06 ± 14.77

16.03 ± 4.05

< 0.001

ALB, g/dL

41.51 ± 5.26

39.49 ± 5.35

< 0.001

41.11 ± 5.31

39.43 ± 5.39

< 0.001