Table 2 Results from the multi-state model for the transition from HbA1c ≥ 7% to HbA1c < 7% indicating the achievement of glycaemic control for the entire cohort and patients with index HbA1c ≥ 7%

Covariate

Comparison

Hazard Ratio (CI)

Hazard Ratio* (CI)

Age

18–24 years

Ref

Ref

25–34 years

2.05(1.77–2.38)

2.11(1.81–2.45)

35–44 years

1.41(1.22–1.63)

1.45(1.25–1.68)

45–54 years

1.02(0.89–1.18)

1.03(0.89–1.19)

55–64 years

1.04(0.91–1.2)

1.05(0.91–1.21)

65 + years

1.29(1.12–1.48)

1.32(1.14–1.52)

Sex

Female

Ref

Ref

Male

1.33(1.29–1.38)

1.28(1.23–1.33)

Adherence

Low

Ref

Ref

Moderate

2.72(2.61–2.83)

2.7(2.58–2.82)

High

7.82(7.28–8.4)

7.49(6.96–8.07)

Index HbA1c (%)

7–8%

Ref

Ref

 < 7%

1.02(0.96–1.08)

-

8–9%

0.41(0.39–0.43)

0.41(0.39–0.43)

9–10%

0.27(0.25–0.28)

0.27(0.25–0.29)

10–12%

0.21(0.2–0.22)

0.22(0.21–0.23)

 > 12%

0.23(0.22–0.24)

0.24(0.22–0.25)