Fig. 3

A meta-analysis examined the relationship between the CDKAL1 rs7754840 genetic variant and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Using a fixed-effects model, the analysis focused on two genetic models: (A) a dominant model comparing individuals with at least one copy of the GC or CC to those with two copies of the GG, and (B) a codominant model comparing individuals with one copy of the GC to those with two copies of the GG. The results, presented in Fig. 3, show the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) for each genetic model. Additionally, the I-squared statistic was calculated to assess the level of heterogeneity among the included studies