Assessment of self-efficacy, quality of life, and well-being of patients with diabetes mellitus in Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia

Table 4 Predictors of controlled glycemia among patients with diabetes mellitus

Predictors	aOR	95% CI		P value
Predictors	aOR	Lower	Upper	P value
Urban residence	1.88	1.11	3.18	0.017^*
Duration of DM (1–2 years)	2.53	1.08	5.91	0.032^*
Duration of DM (3–5 years)	3.76	1.90	7.43	< 0.001^*
Duration of DM (6–10 years)	1.85	1.04	3.32	0.036^*
Duration of DM (> 10 years)	1.71	0.97	3.03	0.063
Physical domain of QOL score	1.02	1.01	1.01	< 0.001^*
Well-being score	0.98	0.97	1.00	0.095
High self-efficacy	1.38	0.85	2.24	0.187
Constant	0.13			< 0.001^*

*Statistically significant (p < 0.05). QOL: Quality of life, aOR: Adjusted odds ratio, CI: Confidence interval-reference categories are low self-efficacy, poor well-being, and rural residence

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