Table 3 Stratified analyses for association of dietary iron with diabetic retinopathy^*

Sex

0.471

Male

1 [Reference]

1.22 (0.66–2.26)

0.82 (0.44–1.53)

0.81 (0.44–1.48)

Female

1 [Reference]

0.84 (0.49–1.42)

0.44 (0.24–0.81)

0.76 (0.37–1.56)

Race/ethnicity

0.288

Non-Hispanic White

1 [Reference]

1.05 (0.51–2.15)

0.82 (0.39–1.72)

1.10 (0.52–2.34)

Non-Hispanic Black

1 [Reference]

0.79 (0.39–1.59)

0.38 (0.17–0.85)

0.74 (0.31–1.75)

Mexican American

1 [Reference]

1.51 (0.61–3.78)

0.61 (0.23–1.61)

0.84 (0.31–2.25)

Other

1 [Reference]

0.72 (0.07–7.71)

0.97 (0.09–11.1)

0.01 (0.00-0.55)

Weight status

0.982

BMI < 30

1 [Reference]

1.20 (0.64–2.24)

0.73 (0.38–1.38)

0.64 (0.32–1.30)

BMI > 30

1 [Reference]

0.88 (0.52–1.49)

0.45 (0.25–0.82)

0.82 (0.46–1.46)

HbA1c

0.841

< 6.5%

1 [Reference]

0.75 (0.34–1.66)

0.56 (0.24–1.32)

0.45 (0.19–1.06)

≥ 6.5%

1 [Reference]

1.10 (0.69–1.76)

0.56 (0.34–0.93)

0.90 (0.53–1.53)

Duration of diabetes

0.422

< 10-y

1 [Reference]

0.95 (0.56–1.61)

0.78 (0.44–1.38)

0.84 (0.46–1.38)

≥ 10-y

1 [Reference]

1.08 (0.57–2.07)

0.40 (0.21–0.76)

0.65 (0.33–1.27)

Blood haemoglobin ^†

0.183

Normal/High

1 [Reference]

0.99 (0.64–1.52)

0.67 (0.42–1.07)

0.81 (0.50–1.32)

Low

1 [Reference]

0.57 (0.20–1.65)

0.17 (0.05–0.60)

0.23 (0.06–0.90)