Unusual nodular goiter with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy due to severe degeneration caused by intense chronic inflammation: a case report with histopathological evidence and review of the literature

Table 3 The literature reporting the incidence of preoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy in patients undergoing surgery for thyroid disease [1, 2, 5,6,7,8,9, 11,12,13,14, 16]

Ref no.	1st author	N				RLNP in total		RLNP by histology			Fisher exact test^a
Ref no.	1st author	Total	Histology	N	(%)	N	Incidence	Histology	N	Incidence	P value	OR (95%CI)
[1]	Greisen	233	M	39	####	16	6.87%	M	#	28.2%	< 0.0001	#####	(4.979—44.058)
			B	194	####			B	5	2.58%
[2]	Rowe-Jones	2408	M	87	(4%)	29	1.20%	M	7	8.05%	< 0.0001	9.144	(3.888—21.555)
			B	###	####			B	#	0.95%
[5]	Steurer	459	M	123	####	9	1.96%	M	6	4.88%	0.013	5.692	(1.532—21.088)
			B	336	####			B	3	0.89%
[6]	Chiang	622	M	156	####	16	2.57%	M	#	9.61%	< 0.0001	#####	(8.250—295.187)
			B	466	####			B	1	0.21%
[7]	Randolph	365	M	135	####	16	4.38%	M	#	11.1%	< 0.0001	#####	(4.754—171.224)
			B	230	####			B	1	0.43%
[8]	Schlosser	695	M	51	(7%)	7	1.01%	M	3	5.88%	0.011	#####	(2.434—41.227)
			B	644	####			B	4	0.62%
[9]	Wang	187	M	42	####	12	6.42%	M	4	9.52%	0.472	1.803	(0.548—5.973)
			B	145	####			B	8	5.52%
[11]	O'Duffy	830	M	206	####	14	1.69%	M	3	1.46%	0.697	1.522	(0.414—5.610)
			B	624	####			B	6	0.96%
								Iatrogenic	5	/
[12]	Xin	1619	M	907	####	39	2.41%	M	#	1.21%	0.0005	0.300	(0.150—0.599)
			B	712	####			B	#	3.93%
[13]	Kay-Rivest	1923	M	###	####	25	1.30%	M	#	1.64%	0.214	1.859	(0.761—4.541)
			B	677	####			B	6	0.89%
			Unknown	84	(4%)
[14]	Birben	2070	M	743	####	17	0.82%	M	#	1.62%	0.004	4.340	(1.588—11.856)
			B	###	####			B	5	0.38%
[16]	Li	####	M	###	####	99	0.79%	M	#	1.13%	< 0.0001	3.403	(2.051—5.648)
			B	###	####			B	#	0.34%

Ref no. Reference number, RLNP Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, M Malignant, B Benign, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval

ISSN: 1472-6823