Table 1 Comparison of clinical traits of four groups

n

47

49

42

46

Male/female (n)

26/21

29/20

19/23

25/21

0.602

Age (year)

60.26 ± 14.67

56.06 ± 15.63

55.38 ± 14.36

52.24 ± 15.33

0.805

Disease duration (year)

10.00(3.00,15.00)

8.00(1.00,10.00)

3.50(0.53,10.00)

2.00(0.10,6.25)

0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

26.76 ± 2.786

25.59 ± 3.17

24.54 ± 3.33

24.19 ± 3.10

< 0.001

FAT% (%)

34.14 ± 5.93

32.38 ± 5.54

34.48 ± 5.43

31.80 ± 5.47

0.063

FMWB (kg)

23.95 ± 4.98

23.64 ± 4.00

24.55 ± 4.87

22.00 ± 4.12

0.051

LMWB (kg)

42.92 ± 5.63

44.06 ± 7.25

42.67 ± 6.74

45.53 ± 8.24

0.201

WHR

0.94 ± 0.07

0.86 ± 0.08

0.82 ± 0.10^*

0.80 ± 0.10

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

131.17 ± 21.33

138.08 ± 21.25

136.02 ± 14.91

133.65 ± 17.15

0.322

DBP (mmHg)

78.45 ± 12.11

79.33 ± 12.69

80.71 ± 11.70

82.15 ± 10.28

0.449

HbA1c (%)

10.20(9.10,12.30)

9.10(7.70,10.60)

7.50(6.45,8.35)

6.80(6.00,7.95)

< 0.001

ALT (U/L)

24.50 ± 11.10

19.84 ± 11.97

19.81 ± 10.35

18.37 ± 11.77

0.055

AST (U/L)

17.79 ± 6.95

19.29 ± 6.59

17.07 ± 5.92

20.04 ± 6.98

0.135

TG (mmol/L)

2.62 ± 1.87

1.87 ± 1.12

2.00 ± 1.49

1.97 ± 1.63

0.081

TC (mmol/L)

4.50 ± 1.21

4.26 ± 1.13

4.34 ± 0.96

4.60 ± 1.02

0.418

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.23 ± 1.12

2.96 ± 1.02

2.72 ± 0.87

2.60 ± 1.02

0.018

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.10 ± 0.28

1.12 ± 0.27

1.16 ± 0.25

1.11 ± 0.33

0.771

BUN (mmol/L)

5.74 ± 1.82

5.26 ± 1.85

5.42 ± 1.77

4.95 ± 1.96

0.221

Cr (µmol/L)

61.14 ± 18.38

61.48 ± 22.09

57.22 ± 17.65

56.76 ± 18.79

0.511

UA (µmol/L)

318.13 ± 97.74

325.47 ± 112.63

305.30 ± 114.71

331.28 ± 106.69

0.702

HOMA-IR

8.55(6.19,15.87)

7.15(3.67,12.99)

7.74(2.94,12.33)

5.43(1.97,9.71)

0.039

Hypertension, n (%)

27(57.4)

20(40.8)

21(50.0)

12(26.1)

0.016

Antidiabetic treatments

Drug naive, n (%)

4(8.5)

6(12.2)

5(11.9)

8(17.4)

0.635

Sulfonylureas, n (%)

3(6.4)

6(12.2)

5(11.9)

7(15.2)

0.598

Metformin, n (%)

22(46.8)

19(38.8)

13(31.0)

17(37.0)

0.489

TZDs, n (%)

8(17.0)

6(12.2)

9(21.4)

7(15.2)

0.692

AGIs, n (%)

5(10.6)

5(10.2)

3(7.1)

6(13.0)

0.842

DPP-4Is, n (%)

3(6.4)

6(12.2)

4(9.5)

5(10.9)

0.797

GLP-1RAs, n (%)

6(12.8)

5(10.2)

9(21.4)

8(17.4)

0.458

SGLT-2Is, n (%)

7(14.9)

7(14.3)

11(26.2)

9(19.6)

0.446

Glinides, n (%)

3(6.4)

5(10.2)

4(9.5)

2(4.3)

0.686

Insulin, n (%)

12(25.5)

14(28.6)

9(21.4)

7(15.2)

0.445

CAP (dB/m)

301.79 ± 19.52

292.76 ± 18.38

250.12 ± 18.69

234.00 ± 22.61

< 0.001

LSM (kPa)

8.81 ± 0.43

8.50 ± 0.37

7.74 ± 0.38

7.28 ± 0.45

< 0.001

ZJU index

43.13 ± 3.61

39.94 ± 2.65

37.11 ± 2.84

36.02 ± 5.19

< 0.001

HSI

36.55 ± 9.55

34.31 ± 6.92

34.71 ± 5.49

31.52 ± 7.33

0.016

FIB-4

2.23 ± 0.31

2.22 ± 0.35

2.14 ± 0.24

1.99 ± 0.35

0.001

NFS

0.17 ± 0.07

0.14 ± 0.06

0.12 ± 0.07

-0.02 ± 0.08

< 0.001